• Similar to having a whole kitchen, toaster, microwave, dish washer, all with different nodes.
  • What if we want two separate kitchens with separate appliances.
    • The class deals with this.
  • Class names use uppercase letters.
  • In the indented line, we define all the functions and attributes that a dog has.
  • __init__ is for initialisation. The function is called, whenever an instance of the class Dog is created.
  • Two underscores on either side are specially defined by Python.
    • Makes sure the computer recognises __init__ as the initialisation function.
  • self is the specific instance of the Dog class after it has been initialised.
  • self is passed to the speak function.
    • Then provides you access to any of the attributes or functions under the def __init__(self) class.
  • self.name concatenates the Dogs name with the ' says: Bark!' string.
  • my_dog = Dog() , the my_dog is equal to a newly created instance of the class Dog.
    • When the above is ran, the __init__ function get called and an instance of the Dog class is returned.
  • Remember, variables and functions are lowercase and classes start with an uppercase character.

  • Running my_dog.speak() will output Rover says: Bark! ``` class Dog: def init(self): self.name = ‘Rover’ self.legs = 4

      def speak(self):
      print(self.name + ' says: Bark!')

my_dog = Dog() another_dog = Dog()

my_dog.speak()

* How to give dogs difference names and provide a name when we initialise the dog.

class Dog: def init(self, name): self.name = name self.legs = 4

	def speak(self):
	    print(self.name + ' says: Bark!')

my_dog = Dog(‘Rover’) another_dog = Dog(‘Fluffy’)

my_dog.speak()

* Running `my_dog = Dog('Rover')` will output `Rover says: Bark!`
* Running `another_dog = Dog('Fluffy')` will output `Fluffy says: Bark!`
* If use .function syntax such as `.speak()` the class instance of `my_dog` is passed in as a variable.
* Class Instances are also called Objects, hence "Object Oriented Programming".
* Variables inside the classes such as `self.name = name` are called Attributes.
* The functions inside such the below are called Methods (or Class Methods).

	def speak(self):
	    print(self.name + ' says: Bark!') ``` * The `Dog` object has the Method `Speak`.

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