Errors And Exceptions

• Dividing something by zero, for example 1/0 will provide the output division by zero.
• Errors and Exceptions are the same thing.
  • All of these errors and exceptions extend a class called the base exception.
    • For example the division by zero error extends the arithmetic error, which extends the exception, which extends the base exception. The base exceptions gives us useful and powerful properties of exceptions.
      • It halts the execution of the code and provides you reasons on why it was halted.
• In an error, the error will point to the line number with an arrow, for example: ----> 1 1/0.
  • The entire error output that you see is called a stack trace.
    • These are nested operations and provide ways to debug the program.
• Useful stack trace example: ``` def causeError(): return 1/0

def callCauseError(): return causeError()

callCauseError()

* A useful way to catch an exception is via a `try/except` statement.

try: 1/0

We are catching the exception here

except Exception as e: print(type(e))

causeError()

* This will output:

<class ‘ZeroDivisionError’> ```

• We see from the above that the exception has been caught and is not being raised anymore.
  • It is just a class, has attributes and can even be returned.
• Exceptions when used correctly are like a secondary layer of code.